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ABAP Keyword Documentation → ABAP − Reference → User Dialogs → Classic Lists → Creating Lists →Syntax
WRITE {[AT] [/][pos][(len|*|**)]} dobj
[UNDER other_dobj]
[NO-GAP]
[int_format_options]
[ext_format_options]
[list_elements]
[QUICKINFO info].
Extras:
1. ... [AT] [/][pos][(len|*|**)]
2. ... UNDER other_dobj
3. ... NO-GAP
4. ... QUICKINFO info
Effect
This statement formats the content of the data object dobj and writes it to the current page of the current list in the list buffer. This is either a screen list in the list buffer or a spool list. dobj is a general expression position with the restriction that no arithmetic expressions and no bit expressions can be specified directly.
All flat data types and the data types string and xstring are allowed for dobj; structures are treated as a data object of type c and must be character-like in Unicode systems. In a Unicode system, only the data types grouped together under the simple generic type can be used.
Formatting the Output
The output is formatted according to
ext_format_options allows output to be formatted and the additions list_elements allow specific list elements to be displayed. By default, adjacent characters "-" and "|" in a list are joined together to form continuous lines.
Output Position
The output position is either determined by the list cursor, or specified using pos after AT or by UNDER. The list cursor itself can be adjusted using NO-GAP. At the start of every output, the output position in the list buffer is the same as the output position in the list representation. In Unicode systems, the positions of individual characters within an output field can differ between the list representation and the list buffer. In both cases, however, the output length is the same.
Output Length
The output length is determined by the data type of dobj or it can be specified with len|*|** after AT. len specifies an absolute length, whereas * or ** ensures that characters in Unicode systems are not truncated by mistake.
Page Break
If the last line of the current page is reached and a subsequent line is output, a new page is generated. The maximum number of lines is determined by the addition LINE-COUNT of the introductory statement or the statement NEW-PAGE. For the basics list, the END-OF-PAGE event is triggered when the area reserved for the page footer is reached, and a new page is subsequently generated.
Line Break
Once the list cursor has been positioned with a previous output statement, if the output length is larger than the area available in the current line of the list buffer, the output goes to the next line. If this line is also not sufficient for a complete output, the output length is shortened accordingly and the output is displayed in this line.
If the list cursor is positioned using the pos specification or a statement BACK, NEW-LINE, NEW-PAGE, POSITION or SKIP and not with a previous output statement, then the output is always displayed in the current line, and the output length is shortened, if necessary.
List Cursor
After the output is displayed, the list cursor is positioned by default in the second position after the output; the sy-colno and sy-linno system fields are set accordingly.
Field and Input Help
If the data object dobj is declared with reference to a data type from the ABAP Dictionary, the field and input help defined here are available in the list displayed on the screen.
Notes
Example
WRITE output for data objects, function calls, string expressions and method calls.
DATA text TYPE string VALUE 'Hello classical list'.
WRITE / text.
WRITE / |{ text WIDTH = 40 ALIGN = RIGHT }|.
WRITE / to_upper( text ).
WRITE / |{ 6 * 7 }|.
WRITE / `4` && `2`.
WRITE / cl_abap_codepage=>convert_to(
source = text
codepage = `UTF-8` ).
... [AT] [/][pos][(len|*|**)]
Effect
The output position and length for the current statement WRITE can be defined after AT. The output position of existing outputs in the list buffer is overwritten with the output length of the new output. Once an existing output has been overwritten, the list cursor is placed at the next position (and not the position after next).
The components of the position and length specifications /,pos and len or * or ** must be specified with no blanks and in the given order. If position and length are only specified as numeric literals, the addition AT can be omitted.
Data Type | * | ** |
c | Number of columns needed in the list to display the entire content; trailing blanks are ignored. In Unicode systems, this length can be greater than the implicit length. | Doubled Length of Data Object |
string | Implicit length | Doubled length of contained characters. |
n, x, xtring | Implicit length | Implicit length |
d | 10 | 10 |
t | 8 for 24-hour format, 11 for 12-hour format | 8 without using the addition ENVIRONMENT TIME FORMAT, 11 using this addition |
(b, s), f, i, p | Length required to output the current value, including thousand separators. The value used here is the value after the application of the possible additions CURRENCY, DECIMALS, NO-SIGN, ROUND or UNIT. | Length required to output the maximum possible values, including signs and thousand separators. The value used here is the value after the application of the possible additions CURRENCY, DECIMALS, NO-SIGN, ROUND or UNIT. |
decfloat16, decfloat34 | The same as for ** applies here. However, leading and trailing blanks are removed. | 24 or 26. These are the predefined output lengths that can also include thousand separators. If the values are too large, exceptions can be raised if one of these formats - O_SIGN_AS_POSTFIX, O_MONETARY, O_EXTENDED_MONETARY - is defined under STYLE. |
When a conversion routine
is executed with reference to a data type in the ABAP Dictionary, if len
is specified, the routine is performed for the relevant specified length, and if *
or ** is specified, the routine is performed for the output length specified
in the ABAP Dictionary. If * or ** is specified,
the output length is then determined from the conversion routine result, using the rules explained above. When * or ** is specified, when using formatting templates
(USING EDIT MASK, DD/MM/YYYY ...), special
rules apply.
Notes
Example
This example outputs a text field text at different positions, with different output lengths.
DATA: text TYPE string VALUE '0123456789ABCDEF',
col TYPE i VALUE 25,
len TYPE i VALUE 5.
WRITE text.
WRITE /5(10) text.
WRITE AT col(len) text.
... UNDER other_dobj
Effect
Output starts in the current line at the position, where the data object other_dobj has been output in a previous WRITE statement. The data object other_dobj must be written exactly as in the corresponding WRITE statement, including all possible offset/length specifications and so on. If the data object other_dobj has not been specified before, the addition is ignored. If it has been specified several times, the horizontal output position of the last WRITE statement is used.
The addition UNDER cannot be used together with a position pos specified after AT. For other_dobj, a
boxed component or component of a boxed component cannot be specified.
Notes
Example
Table-like output of flight connections.
DATA: carrid TYPE spfli-carrid,
connid TYPE spfli-connid.
WRITE: 10 'Carrier', 40 'Connection'.
ULINE.
SELECT carrid connid
FROM spfli
INTO (carrid,connid).
WRITE: / carrid UNDER 'Carrier',
connid UNDER 'Connection'.
ENDSELECT.
... NO-GAP
Effect
The list cursor is positioned directly after the output (and not at the position after the next position in the list buffer).
Example
The output of the two WRITE statements is "NoGap".
WRITE: 'No' NO-GAP, 'Gap'.
... QUICKINFO info
Effect
A tooltip is associated with the output. If the mouse cursor is placed on the output area of dobj, the content of info appears in a colored rectangle. info expects a character-like data object with length 40.
The addition QUICKINFO has no effect on input-ready fields and
line elements. If a list
output is overwritten by another output, then no tooltip for the overwritten field appears at or after the position where overwriting starts.
Example
Additional information on the output of date and time.
WRITE: (10) sy-datum QUICKINFO 'Date of list creation',
(8) sy-uzeit QUICKINFO 'Time of list creation'.
See WRITE - TO