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ABAP Keyword Documentation → ABAP − Reference → Processing Internal Data → Assignments → Assigning References → Setting Field Symbols → ASSIGN →
ASSIGN - range_spec
Syntax
... { }
| {RANGE range}.
Alternatives:
Effect
The range_spec specification defines the area limits within which a memory area can be assigned to the field symbol. Either nothing can be specified here or the addition RANGE .
At the same time, the ASSIGN statement assigns these area limits to the field
symbol <fs>. If the field symbol <fs>
is itself used in a subsequent ASSIGN statement to specify a memory area mem_area, the assigned memory areas in
Unicode programs are used for determining the area limits of the field symbol that is being assigned (see below).
Note
The area limits assigned to a field symbol using range_spec only apply to
the following ASSIGN statements. In other statements, with the exception of ADD UNTIL, the
general rules apply.
... { }
Effect
Effect in Unicode Programs
If no value is specified for range_spec, the area limits in Unicode programs are defined as follows:
If these area limits are exceeded, no memory area is assigned for the static variant of mem_area after the ASSIGN statement. Also, the predicate expression <fs> IS ASSIGNED is incorrect, while sy-subrc is set to 4 in the dynamic variant.
Effect in Non-Unicode Programs
If no value is specified for range_spec, the area limits in non-Unicode programs are defined as follows:
If these area limits are exceeded, an unhandleable exception is raised.
Note
If the area limits are the same as the data area of the ABAP program, this data area must also contain the administration information for
deep data objects because otherwise errors could occur if these are exceeded unintentionally.
Example
In the first ASSIGN statement, the area limits of the data object text are assigned to <fs1>. In the second ASSIGN statement, <fs2> takes on these limits. From the sixth loop pass, the system attempts to assign a larger memory area to <fs2>. In Unicode programs, the logical expression after IF is no longer true, whereas in non-Unicode programs, the larger memory area is assigned.
DATA text TYPE c LENGTH 8 VALUE '12345678'.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <fs1> TYPE ANY,
<fs2> TYPE ANY.
ASSIGN text+3(3) TO <fs1>.
DO 8 TIMES.
ASSIGN <fs1>(sy-index) TO <fs2>.
IF <fs2> IS ASSIGNED.
cl_demo_output=>write_text( |{ <fs2> }| ).
ENDIF.
ENDDO.
cl_demo_output=>display( ).
... RANGE range
Effect
If the RANGE addition is specified in range_spec, the area limits are defined by the data area of a range data object. range expects a data object of any data type. It must cover the area limits in Unicode programs when the RANGE addition is not specified (see above). If it is established at runtime that range does not cover these area limits, an unhandleable exception is raised.
When the RANGE addition is used, only subareas of the range data object can be assigned to the field symbol. If these area limits are exceeded, no memory area is assigned for the static variant of mem_area after the ASSIGN statement. Also, the predicate expression <fs> IS ASSIGNED is incorrect, while sy-subrc is set to 4 in the dynamic variant.
The addition RANGE cannot be used with the addition CASTING TYPE HANDLE or for assigning
table expressions.
Notes
Example
The struc structure is constructed from ten components col1_1, col2_1, ..., col1_5, col2_5. The ASSIGN statement assigns the memory area of two neighboring components to the structure-typed field symbol <sub>, one after the other. Here the memory area is determined by the common name of the first two components comp1 in the structure struc and the specification of INCREMENT. Without the RANGE addition, the WHILE loop would only execute once in Unicode programs since it would only be possible to access the memory area of struc-comp1. The RANGE addition causes the loop to be passed five times. The components of the field symbol can be accessed after the assignment.
TYPES: BEGIN OF sub_struc,
col1 TYPE c LENGTH 10,
col2 TYPE c LENGTH 10,
END OF sub_struc.
DATA BEGIN OF struc.
INCLUDE TYPE: sub_struc AS comp1 RENAMING WITH SUFFIX _1,
sub_struc AS comp2 RENAMING WITH SUFFIX _2,
sub_struc AS comp3 RENAMING WITH SUFFIX _3,
sub_struc AS comp4 RENAMING WITH SUFFIX _4,
sub_struc AS comp5 RENAMING WITH SUFFIX _5.
DATA END OF struc.
FIELD-SYMBOLS <sub> TYPE sub_struc.
struc = VALUE #( col1_1 = 'col1_1' col2_1 = 'col2_1'
col1_2 = 'col1_2' col2_2 = 'col2_2'
col1_3 = 'col1_3' col2_3 = 'col2_3'
col1_4 = 'col1_4' col2_4 = 'col2_4'
col1_5 = 'col1_5' col2_5 = 'col2_5' ).
DATA inc TYPE i.
WHILE sy-subrc = 0.
inc = sy-index - 1.
ASSIGN struc-comp1 INCREMENT inc TO <sub> CASTING
RANGE struc.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
cl_demo_output=>write_data( <sub> ).
ENDIF.
ENDWHILE.
cl_demo_output=>display( ).